What is a bluff landform?

A bluff is a steep, high cliff or bank, especially one alongside a waterway such as a river, lake, or sea. It is usually composed of sedimentary rock, such as limestone or sandstone, that has eroded or weathered over time. Bluffs are often found in areas with steep terrain, such as river valleys, coastal regions, or mountainous areas.

Bluffs can be formed by various processes, including earth movements, wave erosion, frost action, and landslides. They are often characterized by distinct layers of rock or soil, which can provide valuable clues to the geologic history of the area.

Bluffs can be hazardous to people and property, especially in areas where they are subject to erosion or landslides. Nevertheless, they also provide important habitat for a variety of plant and animal species, and often have scenic or recreational value. Bluffs can be popular sites for hiking, picnicking, or simply taking in the view.